The x86 protection model is notoriously complex, with four privilege rings, segmentation, paging, call gates, task switches, and virtual 8086 mode. What's interesting from a hardware perspective is how the 386 manages this complexity on a 275,000-transistor budget. The 386 employs a variety of techniques to implement protection: a dedicated PLA for protection checking, a hardware state machine for page table walks, segment and paging caches, and microcode for everything else.
The 80386 introduced Virtual 8086 (V86) mode -- allowing real-mode DOS programs to run inside protected mode under OS supervision. While not full virtualization in the modern sense, V86 was the first practical hardware-assisted mechanism on x86 for running legacy software in a protected environment -- used widely in Windows 3.x and Windows 9x.,推荐阅读服务器推荐获取更多信息
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